METABOLISM

The energy required to build proteins and maintain homeostasis is produced through metabolic pathways, which describe the process of building or breaking down biological molecules.

Complex carbohydrates are polymers of simple sugars, like glucose. Energy from carbohydrate breakdown is captured in the form of ATP. Important glucose pathways include glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Side pathways include the metabolism of glycogen, lipid, proteins, and nucleotides.

Bioenergetics is closely tied to concepts of thermodynamics, redox, and catalysis. These pathways are highly regulated by both allosteric and hormonal control.

Protein action, genetic expression, and metabolism - These are the vital biochemical processes that keep your cells alive and functioning.